diff --git a/docs/guides/shacl-validation.md b/docs/guides/shacl-validation.md
index a2b81ac2..76c07b89 100644
--- a/docs/guides/shacl-validation.md
+++ b/docs/guides/shacl-validation.md
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ icon: "shield-check"
 
 SHACL (Shapes Constraint Language) is a standard for validating graph-based data. While an ontology defines the conceptual *schema* (the "what" exists in your domain), SHACL defines the structural *rules and constraints* (the "how" it should be structured). 
 
-In Semantica, `SHACLGenerator` produces constraint rules (shapes) based on your ontology, and `_run_pyshacl` evaluates your actual data against these rules. If a node violates a rule (e.g., missing a required property or using the wrong datatype), a detailed violation report is generated.
+In Semantica, `SHACLGenerator` produces constraint rules (shapes) based on your ontology, and the public `run_shacl_validation` function evaluates your actual data against these rules. If a node violates a rule (e.g., missing a required property or using the wrong datatype), a detailed violation report is generated. The historical `_run_pyshacl` name remains available as a compatibility alias.
 
 ## Why Use SHACL Validation?
 
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ Let's look at a simple, universally understood example: ensuring every `Employee
 ```python
 from semantica.context import ContextGraph
 from semantica.ontology import OntologyGenerator, SHACLGenerator, PropertyShape
-from semantica.ontology.ontology_validator import _run_pyshacl
+from semantica.ontology import run_shacl_validation
 
 # 1. Prepare your data graph
 graph = ContextGraph()
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ data_ttl = """
 """
 
 # 5. Run Validation
-report = _run_pyshacl(data_ttl, shacl_ttl)
+report = run_shacl_validation(data_ttl, shacl_ttl)
 
 # 6. Analyze the Report
 print(f"Graph conforms: {report.conforms}")
@@ -265,10 +265,10 @@ cve_id_shape = NodeShape(
 
 ## Step 4 — Run validation and read the report
 
-Serialize the graph to RDF, then run `_run_pyshacl` against the shapes.
+Serialize the graph to RDF, then run `run_shacl_validation` against the shapes.
 
 ```python
-from semantica.ontology.ontology_validator import _run_pyshacl
+from semantica.ontology import run_shacl_validation
 
 # Prepare your RDF data string (since export_rdf primarily exports structural metadata,
 # you typically serialize your custom data graph to Turtle using rdflib or similar).
@@ -281,7 +281,7 @@ data_ttl = """
 """
 
 # Run SHACL validation
-report = _run_pyshacl(
+report = run_shacl_validation(
     data_ttl,
     shacl_ttl,
     data_graph_format="turtle",
@@ -366,8 +366,8 @@ print(f"Malware nodes missing 'family': {len(missing_family)}")
 # e.g. graph.update_node(node_id, {"family": "UNKNOWN — requires triage"})
 
 # After remediation, re-run validation to confirm the fix
-# (re-export the patched graph to Turtle first, then call _run_pyshacl again)
-report2 = _run_pyshacl(patched_data_ttl, shacl_ttl)
+# (re-export the patched graph to Turtle first, then call run_shacl_validation again)
+report2 = run_shacl_validation(patched_data_ttl, shacl_ttl)
 print(f"Violations after remediation: {report2.violation_count}")
 # Violations after remediation: 0
 ```
@@ -377,10 +377,49 @@ print(f"Violations after remediation: {report2.violation_count}")
 ## Common Pitfalls
 
 - **Assuming the ontology automatically enforces data quality**: `SHACLGenerator` generates shapes based on what it observes in the data. If your data is missing a field, the generator won't know it was mandatory unless you explicitly inject the constraint (as shown in Step 3).
-- **Passing `ContextGraph` directly to SHACL validators**: The `_run_pyshacl` function expects an RDF string (like Turtle format), not a raw Python dictionary or `ContextGraph` object. 
+- **Passing `ContextGraph` directly to SHACL validators**: The `run_shacl_validation` function expects an RDF string (like Turtle format), not a raw Python dictionary or `ContextGraph` object.
 - **Forgetting RDF serialization**: You must serialize your graph (often via a temporary file using `export_rdf`) before validating it.
 - **Treating validation as a one-time step**: Validation should be integrated as an automated step in your CI/CD pipeline or data ingestion flow, acting as a recurring gatekeeper rather than a one-off script.
 - **Ignoring validation reports**: A graph that does not conform must be remediated. Failing to review the `violation_count` and address the issues negates the purpose of SHACL validation.
+- **Validating `sh:class`/`sh:node` range checks on a property that declares `rdfs:range` with RDFS entailment on**: RDFS is an entailment rule, not a constraint. When pyshacl runs with `inference="rdfs"`, it infers the range class onto every object of the property, so class-based constraints on that property can never fail — the report says `conforms: True` on data that does not conform:
+
+    ```python
+    from pyshacl import validate
+    from rdflib import Graph
+
+    data = Graph()
+    data.parse(
+        data="""
+        @prefix ex: <https://example.org/ns#> .
+        @prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
+        ex:contains rdfs:domain ex:Container ; rdfs:range ex:Item .
+        ex:box a ex:Container ; ex:contains ex:notAnItem .
+        ex:notAnItem a ex:Fish .
+        """,
+        format="turtle",
+    )
+
+    shapes = Graph()
+    shapes.parse(
+        data="""
+        @prefix ex: <https://example.org/ns#> .
+        @prefix sh: <http://www.w3.org/ns/shacl#> .
+        ex:ContainerShape a sh:NodeShape ;
+            sh:targetClass ex:Container ;
+            sh:property [ sh:path ex:contains ; sh:class ex:Item ] .
+        """,
+        format="turtle",
+    )
+
+    for inference in ("none", "rdfs"):
+        conforms, _, _ = validate(data, shacl_graph=shapes, inference=inference)
+        print(inference, conforms)
+    # none  False   <- correct: notAnItem is a Fish, not an Item
+    # rdfs  True    <- the entailment manufactured the type
+    ```
+
+    Mitigations: prefer not to declare `rdfs:range` on properties you intend to constrain with `sh:class`; when class membership is the thing under test, run validation without RDFS entailment (`inference="none"`); or express the check as a constraint the entailment cannot satisfy (for example a literal property constraint). Note the trade-off: with entailment off, `sh:targetClass` no longer reaches subclasses, so subclass hierarchies need explicit typing or inference-aware target selection. Semantica's own `run_shacl_validation` wrapper already calls pyshacl with `inference="none"`, so this pitfall only bites when calling `pyshacl.validate` directly with entailment enabled.
+- **Trusting `conforms: True` without checking the inference mode**: an inference-enabled run can hide the exact violations the shapes were written to catch (see above). Record which inference mode validation ran under alongside the result, and re-run shape sets that contain `sh:class`/`sh:node` with entailment off before treating a pass as authoritative.
 
 ---
 
@@ -396,7 +435,7 @@ A DoD CTI team enforces STIX-compatible constraints on a threat graph before sha
 from semantica.context import AgentContext, ContextGraph
 from semantica.vector_store import VectorStore
 from semantica.ontology import OntologyGenerator, SHACLGenerator, PropertyShape
-from semantica.ontology.ontology_validator import _run_pyshacl
+from semantica.ontology import run_shacl_validation
 
 graph = ContextGraph()
 ctx   = AgentContext(
@@ -448,7 +487,7 @@ data_ttl = """
 <http://example.org/hammertoss> a ex:Malware .
 """
 
-report = _run_pyshacl(data_ttl, shacl_ttl)
+report = run_shacl_validation(data_ttl, shacl_ttl)
 print(f"CTI graph conforms : {report.conforms}")
 print(f"Violations         : {report.violation_count}")
 print(f"Warnings           : {report.warning_count}")
@@ -469,7 +508,7 @@ A SOC team validates zero-trust policy nodes before publishing them to the polic
 ```python
 from semantica.context import ContextGraph
 from semantica.ontology import OntologyGenerator, SHACLGenerator, PropertyShape
-from semantica.ontology.ontology_validator import _run_pyshacl
+from semantica.ontology import run_shacl_validation
 
 graph = ContextGraph()
 graph.add_node("policy-001", "Policy", "MFA Required for Tier-1 Resources",
@@ -516,7 +555,7 @@ data_ttl = """
 <http://example.org/policy-002> a ex:Policy .
 """
 
-report = _run_pyshacl(data_ttl, shacl_ttl)
+report = run_shacl_validation(data_ttl, shacl_ttl)
 print(f"Policy graph conforms: {report.conforms}")
 # Policy graph conforms: False
 
@@ -534,7 +573,7 @@ A clinical informatics team validates trial ontology nodes before loading them i
 
 ```python
 from semantica.ontology import LLMOntologyGenerator, SHACLGenerator, PropertyShape
-from semantica.ontology.ontology_validator import _run_pyshacl
+from semantica.ontology import run_shacl_validation
 from semantica.export import export_rdf
 import tempfile, os
 
@@ -586,7 +625,7 @@ with open(tmp.name) as f:
     data_ttl = f.read()
 os.unlink(tmp.name)
 
-report = _run_pyshacl(data_ttl, shacl_ttl)
+report = run_shacl_validation(data_ttl, shacl_ttl)
 print(f"Trial data conforms: {report.conforms}")
 print(f"Warnings           : {report.warning_count}")
 ```
@@ -600,7 +639,7 @@ A credit risk team validates every `LoanApplication` node against Basel III CRE2
 ```python
 from semantica.context import ContextGraph
 from semantica.ontology import OntologyGenerator, SHACLGenerator, PropertyShape
-from semantica.ontology.ontology_validator import _run_pyshacl
+from semantica.ontology import run_shacl_validation
 
 graph = ContextGraph()
 graph.add_node("loan-001", "LoanApplication", "Prime mortgage APP-2025-88421",
@@ -645,7 +684,7 @@ data_ttl = """
     ex:ltv "0.65" .
 """
 
-report = _run_pyshacl(data_ttl, shacl_ttl)
+report = run_shacl_validation(data_ttl, shacl_ttl)
 print(f"Loan portfolio conforms: {report.conforms}")
 # Loan portfolio conforms: False
 
@@ -675,14 +714,14 @@ Call this function as a pre-publish gate; exit code 1 blocks the pipeline.
 ```python
 import sys
 from semantica.ontology import OntologyGenerator, SHACLGenerator
-from semantica.ontology.ontology_validator import _run_pyshacl
+from semantica.ontology import run_shacl_validation
 
 def validate_before_publish(data_graph_str: str, ontology: dict) -> None:
     shacl_gen   = SHACLGenerator(base_uri="https://example.org/shapes/")
     shacl_graph = shacl_gen.generate(ontology)
     shacl_ttl   = shacl_gen.serialize(shacl_graph, format="turtle")
 
-    report = _run_pyshacl(data_graph_str, shacl_ttl)
+    report = run_shacl_validation(data_graph_str, shacl_ttl)
 
     if not report.conforms:
         print(f"Graph validation FAILED — {report.violation_count} violation(s)")
@@ -700,7 +739,6 @@ def validate_before_publish(data_graph_str: str, ontology: dict) -> None:
 
 - [Ontology Management](ontology) — generate the OWL ontology that SHACL shapes are derived from
 - [Reasoning & Rules](reasoning) — complement SHACL structural constraints with logical inference rules
-- [Export & Serialization](export) — serialize graph data to Turtle/RDF/XML for `_run_pyshacl` input
+- [Export & Serialization](export) — serialize graph data to Turtle/RDF/XML for `run_shacl_validation` input
 - [Conflict Resolution](conflict-resolution) — detect and resolve data conflicts before SHACL validation
 - [Change Management](change-management) — version-gate SHACL shapes alongside ontology versions
-
diff --git a/pyproject.toml b/pyproject.toml
index 8ffb9395..aa2ce518 100644
--- a/pyproject.toml
+++ b/pyproject.toml
@@ -85,7 +85,8 @@ dependencies = [
   "loguru>=0.7.3",
   "structlog>=22.1.0",
   "gensim>=4.4.0",
-  "httpx<0.29.0"
+  "httpx<0.29.0",
+  "pyarrow>=14.0.0"
 ]
 
 [project.urls]
diff --git a/requirements-ci.txt b/requirements-ci.txt
index 1126111c..5f34aa6b 100644
--- a/requirements-ci.txt
+++ b/requirements-ci.txt
@@ -6,9 +6,9 @@ accelerate==1.14.0 \
     # via
     #   docling-ibm-models
     #   docling-slim
-agno==2.8.7 \
-    --hash=sha256:6a2763eb469163f7b79ab1da6ca2f22d8619f6b9d614574f975d9c12bb4323ea \
-    --hash=sha256:d49396a2062ee6994ca82695b9bd1e1b95667fec432c544afa38133e564bf090
+agno==2.9.0 \
+    --hash=sha256:7777674b3931b341fad4fcf02a61b185a08588c509101348facf87feb2144c0c \
+    --hash=sha256:7d9c134703e3c2798023cd57dcb9caa8e1174f6914813f9b130becfc3521a46f
     # via semantica (pyproject.toml)
 agnoctl==0.1.3 \
     --hash=sha256:6fce1d2482b1f2e0a3d14b0a7c12fbd49d8df4f0bf0a4fd9fd91753cbff5efdc \
@@ -403,9 +403,9 @@ boto3==1.43.69 \
     --hash=sha256:4eb494d05b2bd08a7eee61b8ac4c34745c99e9bbce435c91f8d15d372dd8c2db \
     --hash=sha256:76297a0b415849c63575ae08a4f1661b2dc8ee0100f104b86f98aa69b47fa2c7
     # via semantica (pyproject.toml)
-botocore==1.43.69 \
-    --hash=sha256:5caa46b740d9a886137146ffbb69edb691f702bfe74c64e85621947ae00181fd \
-    --hash=sha256:b1f0e01c53d6b84ee9c184ebf3636c3b3aef85e0ae8498c74afb8734ff224f87
+botocore==1.43.73 \
+    --hash=sha256:068433028e011ccbeab1dd7c46b1090c24e378397693c66e67ca571176498daa \
+    --hash=sha256:0fa1e63c24b3531be3e1bc1687a88b3be9e63a430153f24edd93efc162bb1c51
     # via
     #   boto3
     #   s3transfer
@@ -1731,9 +1731,9 @@ google-crc32c==1.8.0 \
     # via
     #   google-cloud-storage
     #   google-resumable-media
-google-genai==2.17.0 \
-    --hash=sha256:6b640a2390c82b4a240873eddb9f518c6d2c33244b2de16ed3d14526a6da7f57 \
-    --hash=sha256:a4835563c60aee646c9c4b261c507aa4a624710d25017012d20dc65abf3d9a54
+google-genai==2.18.1 \
+    --hash=sha256:36a5949233e64a60f6cc4521bff7a76b7c569d0aa227bbe9fa642213b8a3a3b2 \
+    --hash=sha256:a1e2be75c16234adc6641afd1ad4dd44218c9eec005d938bdc428585a048918a
     # via semantica (pyproject.toml)
 google-resumable-media==2.10.1 \
     --hash=sha256:224975032ddb73f7ed9e2f0f4cc08ed1b06874c52d48cc8533e3eb72980b21a0 \
diff --git a/semantica/cli.py b/semantica/cli.py
index 403971e0..805bccdc 100644
--- a/semantica/cli.py
+++ b/semantica/cli.py
@@ -773,10 +773,22 @@ def changelog(cli_ctx: CLIContext, local_json: bool) -> None:
     _run_with_error_handling(_action)
 
 
+class _DeepEmbeddingFailure(Exception):
+    """A deep-probe failure from doctor's embedding checks.
+
+    Marks failures that happened AFTER the backend imported cleanly — model
+    load, probe, or runtime problems — so the check's hint can point at the
+    real remediation instead of `pip install`.
+    """
+
+
 @main.command()
 @click.option("--json", "local_json", is_flag=True, default=False)
+@click.option("--deep-embeddings", "deep_embeddings", is_flag=True, default=False,
+              help="Also instantiate the local embedding backends and embed a probe "
+                   "text (catches backends that import cleanly but cannot load).")
 @click.pass_obj
-def doctor(cli_ctx: CLIContext, local_json: bool) -> None:
+def doctor(cli_ctx: CLIContext, local_json: bool, deep_embeddings: bool) -> None:
     """Run a health check on all Semantica components and backends."""
     import importlib.metadata
     cli_ctx = _require_ctx(cli_ctx)
@@ -787,6 +799,16 @@ def doctor(cli_ctx: CLIContext, local_json: bool) -> None:
         try:
             note = fn()
             return label, "ok", note, None
+        except _DeepEmbeddingFailure as exc:
+            # A deep-probe failure means the package IMPORTED fine: the pip
+            # hint would be the wrong remediation for what is actually a
+            # runtime/model-load problem (broken torch, failed model
+            # download, missing shared libs).
+            return label, "fail", str(exc), (
+                "runtime/model-load failure — reinstalling the package usually "
+                "does not help; check the warnings above (torch install, model "
+                "download, disk space)"
+            )
         except Exception as exc:
             return label, "fail", str(exc), hint
 
@@ -827,6 +849,50 @@ def doctor(cli_ctx: CLIContext, local_json: bool) -> None:
             return f"{backend} importable"
         checks.append(_check("Vector store", _vector, hint="pip install semantica[vectorstore-…]"))
 
+        # Embedding backends (#994): `doctor` used to report all green while
+        # every local embedding backend was non-functional — import success
+        # says nothing about model loading. Default checks stay cheap
+        # (import + version); --deep-embeddings (or
+        # SEMANTICA_DOCTOR_DEEP_EMBEDDINGS=1) instantiates the backend through
+        # TextEmbedder and embeds a probe, which is the only level that
+        # catches a backend that imports cleanly but cannot actually load.
+        deep = deep_embeddings or os.environ.get("SEMANTICA_DOCTOR_DEEP_EMBEDDINGS", "").strip().lower() in ("1", "true", "yes", "on")
+
+        def _embedding_backend(method: str) -> str:
+            if method == "sentence_transformers":
+                import sentence_transformers  # noqa: F401
+                note = f"importable ({importlib.metadata.version('sentence-transformers')})"
+            else:
+                import fastembed  # noqa: F401
+                note = f"importable ({importlib.metadata.version('fastembed')})"
+            if not deep:
+                return note
+            try:
+                from .embeddings import TextEmbedder
+                embedder = TextEmbedder(method=method)
+                if embedder.model is None and embedder.fastembed_model is None:
+                    raise RuntimeError(
+                        "model failed to load — the hash fallback is active "
+                        "(see warnings above); embedding quality is degraded"
+                    )
+                probe = embedder.embed_text("semantica doctor embedding probe")
+            except _DeepEmbeddingFailure:
+                raise
+            except Exception as exc:
+                raise _DeepEmbeddingFailure(str(exc)) from exc
+            return f"{note}; deep probe ok ({len(probe)}-dim)"
+
+        checks.append(_check(
+            "Embeddings (sentence-transformers)",
+            lambda: _embedding_backend("sentence_transformers"),
+            hint="pip install sentence-transformers",
+        ))
+        checks.append(_check(
+            "Embeddings (fastembed)",
+            lambda: _embedding_backend("fastembed"),
+            hint="pip install fastembed",
+        ))
+
         # LLM provider keys
         for provider, var in [("OpenAI", "OPENAI_API_KEY"), ("Anthropic", "ANTHROPIC_API_KEY"),
                                ("Groq", "GROQ_API_KEY")]:
@@ -1708,7 +1774,43 @@ def embed_generate(cli_ctx: CLIContext, input_path: str, model: str,
         except ImportError as exc:
             raise click.ClickException(f"Embeddings module not available: {exc}") from exc
         if output:
-            Path(output).write_text(json.dumps(result, default=str), encoding="utf-8")
+            output_path = Path(output)
+            suffix = output_path.suffix.lower()
+            try:
+                import numpy as np
+                import pandas as pd
+                arr = np.asarray(result)
+                if arr.ndim == 1:
+                    arr = arr[np.newaxis, :]
+                if arr.ndim != 2:
+                    raise click.ClickException(
+                        f"embed generate --output expects a 1-D or 2-D array, "
+                        f"got {arr.ndim}-D (shape {arr.shape})"
+                    )
+                rows = [list(row) for row in arr]
+                if suffix == ".parquet":
+                    # Schema: single 'embedding' column (list[float] per row).
+                    # embed index detects vector columns via
+                    # isinstance(df[c].iloc[0], (list, np.ndarray)).
+                    df = pd.DataFrame({"embedding": rows})
+                    df.to_parquet(output_path, index=False)
+                elif suffix in (".json", ".jsonl"):
+                    df = pd.DataFrame({"embedding": rows})
+                    df.to_json(
+                        output_path,
+                        orient="records",
+                        lines=(suffix == ".jsonl"),
+                    )
+                else:
+                    raise click.ClickException(
+                        f"Unsupported output format '{suffix}'. "
+                        "Use .parquet, .json, or .jsonl"
+                    )
+            except ImportError as exc:
+                raise click.ClickException(
+                    f"Missing dependency for --output: {exc}. "
+                    "Install pyarrow with: pip install pyarrow"
+                ) from exc
             _ok(cli_ctx, f"Wrote {output}")
         elif _is_json(cli_ctx, local_json):
             _jecho(result if isinstance(result, dict) else {"status": "ok"})
diff --git a/semantica/context/context_graph.py b/semantica/context/context_graph.py
index ac3f134f..7f781a4b 100644
--- a/semantica/context/context_graph.py
+++ b/semantica/context/context_graph.py
@@ -438,6 +438,23 @@ _ATTRS_MISSING = object()
 #: entities and timestamps.
 _CAUSAL_EDGE_TYPES = ("CAUSED", "INFLUENCED", "PRECEDENT_FOR")
 
+# Causal edges circulate under two vocabularies: this module's canonical
+# spellings above, and the present-tense spellings CausalChainAnalyzer also
+# accepts ("causes", "influences", "leads_to", "supports"). The present-tense
+# forms normalize onto the canonical types for storage; traversal accepts
+# both vocabularies so an edge recorded either way is never invisible.
+_CAUSAL_EDGE_ALIASES = {
+    "CAUSES": "CAUSED",
+    "CAUSED": "CAUSED",
+    "INFLUENCES": "INFLUENCED",
+    "INFLUENCED": "INFLUENCED",
+    "PRECEDES": "PRECEDENT_FOR",
+    "PRECEDENT_FOR": "PRECEDENT_FOR",
+}
+_CAUSAL_TRAVERSAL_TYPES = frozenset(_CAUSAL_EDGE_ALIASES) | {
+    "LEADS_TO", "LEAD_TO", "SUPPORTS", "SUPPORT",
+}
+
 
 class ContextGraph:
     """
@@ -2745,9 +2762,15 @@ class ContextGraph:
             target_decision_id: Target decision ID
             relationship_type: Type of relationship (CAUSED, INFLUENCED, PRECEDENT_FOR)
         """
-        valid_types = ["CAUSED", "INFLUENCED", "PRECEDENT_FOR"]
-        if relationship_type not in valid_types:
-            raise ValueError(f"Relationship type must be one of: {valid_types}")
+        # Normalize so callers may use either vocabulary's spelling
+        # ("causes" from CausalChainAnalyzer, or "CAUSED" from this module's
+        # canonical constant); the stored form is always canonical. Invalid
+        # inputs keep raising ValueError rather than AttributeError.
+        if not isinstance(relationship_type, str):
+            raise ValueError(f"Relationship type must be one of: {_CAUSAL_EDGE_TYPES}")
+        relationship_type = _CAUSAL_EDGE_ALIASES.get(relationship_type.strip().upper())
+        if relationship_type is None:
+            raise ValueError(f"Relationship type must be one of: {_CAUSAL_EDGE_TYPES}")
         
         # Check if decisions exist - if not, skip adding relationship
         if source_decision_id not in self.nodes or target_decision_id not in self.nodes:
@@ -2839,11 +2862,11 @@ class ContextGraph:
             # Find connected decisions
             for edge in self.edges:
                 if direction == "upstream":
-                    if edge.target_id == current_id and edge.edge_type in ["CAUSED", "INFLUENCED", "PRECEDENT_FOR"]:
+                    if edge.target_id == current_id and edge.edge_type.upper() in _CAUSAL_TRAVERSAL_TYPES:
                         if edge.source_id not in visited and depth < max_depth:
                             queue.append((edge.source_id, depth + 1))
                 else:  # downstream
-                    if edge.source_id == current_id and edge.edge_type in ["CAUSED", "INFLUENCED", "PRECEDENT_FOR"]:
+                    if edge.source_id == current_id and edge.edge_type.upper() in _CAUSAL_TRAVERSAL_TYPES:
                         if edge.target_id not in visited and depth < max_depth:
                             queue.append((edge.target_id, depth + 1))
         
@@ -2866,10 +2889,13 @@ class ContextGraph:
         Returns:
             List of precedent decisions
         """
-        # Find decisions connected via PRECEDENT_FOR relationships
+        # Find decisions connected via PRECEDENT_FOR relationships, accepting
+        # the analyzer vocabulary's "precedes" spelling as well (issue #1184).
         precedent_ids = []
         for edge in self.edges:
-            if edge.target_id == decision_id and edge.edge_type == "PRECEDENT_FOR":
+            if edge.target_id == decision_id and edge.edge_type.upper() in {
+                "PRECEDENT_FOR", "PRECEDES",
+            }:
                 precedent_ids.append(edge.source_id)
         
         # Convert to Decision objects
@@ -3430,8 +3456,13 @@ class ContextGraph:
 
         # Explicit causal relationships recorded via add_causal_relationship() are
         # ground truth and always count as direct influence, in either direction.
-        for edge_type in _CAUSAL_EDGE_TYPES:
-            for edge in self.edge_type_index.get(edge_type, []):
+        # The index is keyed by the raw edge_type string ("causes" and "CAUSED"
+        # are separate keys), so filter by normalized type instead of iterating
+        # a fixed spelling list.
+        for edge_type, edges in self.edge_type_index.items():
+            if edge_type.upper() not in _CAUSAL_TRAVERSAL_TYPES:
+                continue
+            for edge in edges:
                 if edge.source_id == decision_id and edge.target_id in self._decisions:
                     direct_influence.add(edge.target_id)
                 elif edge.target_id == decision_id and edge.source_id in self._decisions:
@@ -3577,8 +3608,12 @@ class ContextGraph:
             # record_decision() (e.g. a graph restored via from_dict), so only
             # causes with a known decision record are kept.
             incoming_causal_edges = defaultdict(list)
-            for edge_type in _CAUSAL_EDGE_TYPES:
-                for edge in self.edge_type_index.get(edge_type, []):
+            # The index is keyed by the raw edge_type string ("causes" and
+            # "CAUSED" are separate keys), so filter by normalized type.
+            for edge_type, edges in self.edge_type_index.items():
+                if edge_type.upper() not in _CAUSAL_TRAVERSAL_TYPES:
+                    continue
+                for edge in edges:
                     if edge.source_id in self._decisions:
                         incoming_causal_edges[edge.target_id].append(edge)
 
diff --git a/semantica/embeddings/embeddings_provenance.py b/semantica/embeddings/embeddings_provenance.py
index 03d7adbd..886fd8c1 100644
--- a/semantica/embeddings/embeddings_provenance.py
+++ b/semantica/embeddings/embeddings_provenance.py
@@ -69,6 +69,15 @@ class EmbeddingGeneratorWithProvenance:
         return embeddings
     
     def __getattr__(self, name):
+        # __getattr__ only runs when normal lookup fails. Accessing
+        # self._generator by attribute syntax HERE would re-enter
+        # __getattr__ for ever when _generator itself is missing — the shape
+        # pickle/copy protocol probes hit when __init__ never completed
+        # (#994's RecursionError family). Fail fast on private probes.
+        if name.startswith("_"):
+            raise AttributeError(
+                f"{type(self).__name__!r} object has no attribute {name!r}"
+            )
         return getattr(self._generator, name)
 
 
diff --git a/semantica/embeddings/methods.py b/semantica/embeddings/methods.py
index 4128ffd8..907e8b6c 100644
--- a/semantica/embeddings/methods.py
+++ b/semantica/embeddings/methods.py
@@ -117,9 +117,9 @@ def generate_embeddings(
         >>> emb = generate_embeddings("Hello world", method="default")
         >>> embs = generate_embeddings(["text1", "text2"], method="text")
     """
-    # Check for custom method in registry
+    # Check for custom method in registry, skip self-reference
     custom_method = method_registry.get("generation", method)
-    if custom_method:
+    if custom_method and custom_method is not generate_embeddings:
         fallback = kwargs.pop("fallback_on_custom_error", False)
         result = call_custom_method(
             logger, method, custom_method, data, data_type=data_type, fallback_on_custom_error=fallback, **kwargs
@@ -165,9 +165,9 @@ def embed_text(
         >>> emb = embed_text("Hello world", method="sentence_transformers")
         >>> embs = embed_text(["text1", "text2"], method="sentence_transformers")
     """
-    # Check for custom method in registry
+    # Check for custom method in registry, skip self-reference
     custom_method = method_registry.get("text", method)
-    if custom_method:
+    if custom_method and custom_method is not embed_text:
         fallback = kwargs.pop("fallback_on_custom_error", False)
         result = call_custom_method(
             logger, method, custom_method, text, fallback_on_custom_error=fallback, **kwargs
@@ -225,9 +225,9 @@ def calculate_similarity(
         >>> similarity = calculate_similarity(emb1, emb2, method="cosine")
         >>> print(f"Similarity: {similarity:.3f}")
     """
-    # Check for custom method in registry
+    # Check for custom method in registry, skip self-reference
     custom_method = method_registry.get("similarity", method)
-    if custom_method:
+    if custom_method and custom_method is not calculate_similarity:
         fallback = kwargs.pop("fallback_on_custom_error", False)
         result = call_custom_method(
             logger, method, custom_method, embedding1, embedding2, fallback_on_custom_error=fallback, **kwargs
@@ -272,9 +272,9 @@ def pool_embeddings(
         >>> pooled = pool_embeddings(embeddings, method="mean")
         >>> attention_pooled = pool_embeddings(embeddings, method="attention")
     """
-    # Check for custom method in registry
+    # Check for custom method in registry, skip self-reference
     custom_method = method_registry.get("pooling", method)
-    if custom_method:
+    if custom_method and custom_method is not pool_embeddings:
         fallback = kwargs.pop("fallback_on_custom_error", False)
         result = call_custom_method(
             logger, method, custom_method, embeddings, fallback_on_custom_error=fallback, **kwargs
diff --git a/semantica/export/json_exporter.py b/semantica/export/json_exporter.py
index 0c3b492c..e31c39d8 100644
--- a/semantica/export/json_exporter.py
+++ b/semantica/export/json_exporter.py
@@ -28,12 +28,35 @@ from pathlib import Path
 from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Union
 
 from ..utils.exceptions import ProcessingError, ValidationError
-from ..utils.helpers import ensure_directory, utc_now_iso, write_json_file
+from ..utils.helpers import ensure_directory, hash_data, utc_now_iso, write_json_file
 from ..utils.logging import get_logger
 from ..utils.progress_tracker import get_progress_tracker
 from .rdf_exporter import SEMANTICA_NS, mint_entity_iri, mint_relationship_iri
 
 
+def _content_iri(prefix: str, payload: Any) -> str:
+    """Mint a document IRI from what was exported, not when.
+
+    Minting from ``utc_now_iso()`` gave every export of the same graph a new
+    identity a few microseconds apart, so re-exporting an unchanged graph was
+    never idempotent and merging exports duplicated every node (#1147). This
+    mirrors ``mint_entity_iri`` (#1109): identical content hashes to the same
+    IRI, and any change to the content changes it too. ``default=str`` keeps
+    the hash defined for values ``json.dumps`` would otherwise reject, such as
+    ``datetime`` objects a caller may have left in the graph.
+
+    Args:
+        prefix: IRI prefix the digest is appended to
+        payload: JSON-serializable value whose content determines the digest
+
+    Returns:
+        A stable IRI of the form ``{prefix}{16-hex-char digest}``
+    """
+    canonical = json.dumps(payload, sort_keys=True, default=str)
+    digest = hash_data(canonical)[:16]
+    return f"{prefix}{digest}"
+
+
 def _is_jsonld_document(data: Dict[str, Any]) -> bool:
     """
     Report whether a dictionary is already a JSON-LD document.
@@ -230,7 +253,10 @@ class JSONExporter:
                 - statistics: Statistics dictionary (optional)
             file_path: Output JSON file path
             format: Export format - 'json' or 'json-ld' (default: self.format)
-            **options: Additional options passed to conversion methods
+            **options: Additional options passed to conversion methods:
+                - graph_uri: Caller-supplied IRI for the graph node when
+                  format='json-ld', overriding the default content-derived
+                  IRI (see #1147)
 
         Example:
             >>> kg = {
@@ -401,7 +427,9 @@ class JSONExporter:
             data: Data to convert (dict, list, or any value)
             include_metadata: Whether to include metadata (default: True)
             include_provenance: Whether to include provenance (default: True)
-            **options: Additional options passed to knowledge graph conversion
+            **options: Additional options passed to knowledge graph conversion:
+                - document_uri: Caller-supplied IRI for the document node,
+                  overriding the default content-derived IRI (see #1147)
 
         Returns:
             Dictionary in JSON-LD format with @context, @graph/@value, and metadata
@@ -451,13 +479,17 @@ class JSONExporter:
 
         # Add metadata and provenance if requested
         if include_metadata:
-            self._attach_document_metadata(jsonld, include_provenance)
+            self._attach_document_metadata(
+                jsonld, include_provenance, options.get("document_uri")
+            )
 
         return jsonld
 
     @staticmethod
     def _attach_document_metadata(
-        jsonld: Dict[str, Any], include_provenance: bool
+        jsonld: Dict[str, Any],
+        include_provenance: bool,
+        document_uri: Optional[str] = None,
     ) -> None:
         """
         Attach the export's own metadata without naming the graph.
@@ -473,6 +505,9 @@ class JSONExporter:
         Args:
             jsonld: Document being built, modified in place
             include_provenance: Whether to record how and when it was exported
+            document_uri: Caller-supplied IRI for the document node. Falls back
+                to a content-derived IRI (#1147) so re-exporting unchanged data
+                is idempotent instead of minting a new identity every time.
         """
         # A caller may hand us a document that is deliberately a named graph.
         # That name is theirs to keep, but our own statements must not end up
@@ -483,7 +518,10 @@ class JSONExporter:
         # Do not overwrite an identifier the payload already carries: the
         # knowledge-graph conversion names its own document node.
         if "@id" not in jsonld or payload_is_named_graph:
-            document["@id"] = f"https://semantica.dev/data/{utc_now_iso()}"
+            content = {key: value for key, value in jsonld.items() if key != "@context"}
+            document["@id"] = document_uri or _content_iri(
+                "https://semantica.dev/data/", content
+            )
         if include_provenance:
             document["semantica:exportedAt"] = utc_now_iso()
             document["semantica:format"] = "json-ld"
@@ -553,7 +591,9 @@ class JSONExporter:
                 - entities: List of entity dictionaries
                 - relationships: List of relationship dictionaries
                 - metadata: Metadata dictionary (optional)
-            **options: Additional options (unused)
+            **options: Additional options:
+                - graph_uri: Caller-supplied IRI for the graph node,
+                  overriding the default content-derived IRI (see #1147)
 
         Returns:
             Dictionary in JSON-LD format with @context, @id, @type, and graph data
@@ -566,7 +606,11 @@ class JSONExporter:
                 "rdf": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#",
                 "rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#",
             },
-            "@id": f"https://semantica.dev/graph/{utc_now_iso()}",
+            # Minted from the graph's own content rather than the wall clock
+            # (#1147): re-exporting an unchanged graph must produce the same
+            # subject, or merging repeated exports duplicates every node.
+            "@id": options.get("graph_uri")
+            or _content_iri("https://semantica.dev/graph/", kg),
             "@type": "semantica:KnowledgeGraph",
         }
 
diff --git a/semantica/ontology/__init__.py b/semantica/ontology/__init__.py
index 98edff7a..27b1318a 100644
--- a/semantica/ontology/__init__.py
+++ b/semantica/ontology/__init__.py
@@ -159,6 +159,7 @@ from .ontology_validator import (
     SHACLValidationReport,
     SHACLViolation,
     ValidationResult,
+    run_shacl_validation,
     validate_ontology,
 )
 from .owl_generator import OWLGenerator
@@ -192,6 +193,7 @@ __all__ = [
     "PropertyShape",
     "SHACLValidationReport",
     "SHACLViolation",
+    "run_shacl_validation",
     # OWL/RDF generation
     "OWLGenerator",
     # Requirements and competency questions
diff --git a/semantica/ontology/ontology_validator.py b/semantica/ontology/ontology_validator.py
index 5d9d10df..85adb0a8 100644
--- a/semantica/ontology/ontology_validator.py
+++ b/semantica/ontology/ontology_validator.py
@@ -145,14 +145,14 @@ class SHACLValidationReport:
         }
 
 
-def _run_pyshacl(
+def run_shacl_validation(
     data_graph_str: str,
     shacl_str: str,
     data_graph_format: str = "turtle",
     shacl_format: str = "turtle",
 ) -> SHACLValidationReport:
     """
-    Run pyshacl validation and return a structured SHACLValidationReport.
+    Run pySHACL validation and return a structured SHACLValidationReport.
 
     Args:
         data_graph_str: Serialized data graph string.
@@ -272,6 +272,21 @@ def _run_pyshacl(
         raw_report=results_text,
     )
 
+
+def _run_pyshacl(
+    data_graph_str: str,
+    shacl_str: str,
+    data_graph_format: str = "turtle",
+    shacl_format: str = "turtle",
+) -> SHACLValidationReport:
+    """Backward-compatible alias for :func:`run_shacl_validation`."""
+    return run_shacl_validation(
+        data_graph_str,
+        shacl_str,
+        data_graph_format=data_graph_format,
+        shacl_format=shacl_format,
+    )
+
 @dataclass
 class ValidationResult:
     """Result of an ontology validation operation."""
diff --git a/semantica/semantic_extract/methods.py b/semantica/semantic_extract/methods.py
index f0559dec..e7ac62b2 100644
--- a/semantica/semantic_extract/methods.py
+++ b/semantica/semantic_extract/methods.py
@@ -779,9 +779,11 @@ def extract_entities_huggingface(
     """
     loader = HuggingFaceModelLoader(device=device)
     # Pass kwargs (like aggregation_strategy) to load_ner_model
-    model_obj = loader.load_ner_model(model, **kwargs)
+    loader_kwargs = {
+        key: value for key, value in kwargs.items() if key != "huggingface_model"
+    }
+    model_obj = loader.load_ner_model(model, **loader_kwargs)
     results = loader.extract_entities(model_obj, text)
-
     entities = []
     
     # Check if manual aggregation is needed (raw IOB tags detected)
diff --git a/semantica/vector_store/methods.py b/semantica/vector_store/methods.py
index d74d763b..5a558b27 100644
--- a/semantica/vector_store/methods.py
+++ b/semantica/vector_store/methods.py
@@ -297,7 +297,11 @@ def create_index(
     config = vector_store_config.get_all()
     backend = config.get("default_backend", "faiss")
     dimension = config.get("dimension", 768)
-    indexer = VectorIndexer(backend=backend, dimension=dimension, **config)
+    # backend/dimension are already passed explicitly; drop them from the
+    # forwarded config so VectorIndexer(..., **remaining_config) doesn't
+    # receive duplicate keyword arguments.
+    remaining_config = {k: v for k, v in config.items() if k not in ("default_backend", "dimension")}
+    indexer = VectorIndexer(backend=backend, dimension=dimension, **remaining_config)
     return indexer.create_index(vectors, ids, **options)
 
 
diff --git a/tests/context/test_decision_causal_edge_regression.py b/tests/context/test_decision_causal_edge_regression.py
index 91bade6d..eae7eae3 100644
--- a/tests/context/test_decision_causal_edge_regression.py
+++ b/tests/context/test_decision_causal_edge_regression.py
@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@ extraction found nothing, the chain came back empty even though an explicit
 ``CAUSED`` edge was stored in the graph.
 """
 
+import pytest
+
 from semantica.context import ContextGraph
 from semantica.context.context_graph import ContextEdge
 
@@ -323,3 +325,130 @@ def test_entity_based_inference_still_applies_without_explicit_edges():
         hop["from"] == earlier and hop["to"] == later and hop["type"] == "influences"
         for hop in hops
     )
+
+
+def test_get_causal_chain_accepts_lowercase_causal_edge_types():
+    """Issue #1184: edges recorded with the analyzer's lowercase vocabulary
+    must be traversed by get_causal_chain().
+
+    CausalChainAnalyzer documents causal types as lowercase ("causes",
+    "influences", ...) while get_causal_chain() matched only the uppercase
+    spellings, so an edge recorded as "causes" produced an empty audit
+    chain — silent and in the dangerous direction.
+    """
+    graph = ContextGraph(advanced_analytics=True)
+    cause = graph.record_decision(
+        category="a", scenario="upstream", reasoning="r",
+        outcome="x", confidence=0.9,
+    )
+    effect = graph.record_decision(
+        category="b", scenario="downstream", reasoning="r",
+        outcome="y", confidence=0.9,
+    )
+    graph.add_edge(cause, effect, "causes")
+
+    chain = graph.get_causal_chain(effect, direction="upstream")
+
+    assert [decision.decision_id for decision in chain] == [cause]
+
+
+def test_add_causal_relationship_accepts_any_case_and_stores_canonical():
+    """Issue #1184: add_causal_relationship() should accept either spelling
+    and store the canonical uppercase vocabulary."""
+    graph = ContextGraph(advanced_analytics=True)
+    cause = graph.record_decision(
+        category="a", scenario="upstream", reasoning="r",
+        outcome="x", confidence=0.9,
+    )
+    effect = graph.record_decision(
+        category="b", scenario="downstream", reasoning="r",
+        outcome="y", confidence=0.9,
+    )
+
+    graph.add_causal_relationship(cause, effect, relationship_type="causes")
+
+    edges = [
+        edge for edge in graph.edges
+        if edge.source_id == cause and edge.target_id == effect
+    ]
+    assert edges, "add_causal_relationship must store the edge"
+    assert edges[0].edge_type == "CAUSED"
+
+
+def test_add_causal_relationship_rejects_non_string_with_value_error():
+    """Invalid relationship types must keep raising ValueError (issue #1184
+    follow-up): normalization must not turn them into AttributeError."""
+    graph = ContextGraph(advanced_analytics=True)
+    cause = graph.record_decision(
+        category="a", scenario="upstream", reasoning="r",
+        outcome="x", confidence=0.9,
+    )
+    effect = graph.record_decision(
+        category="b", scenario="downstream", reasoning="r",
+        outcome="y", confidence=0.9,
+    )
+
+    for bad_type in (None, 42, ["CAUSED"]):
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError):
+            graph.add_causal_relationship(cause, effect, relationship_type=bad_type)
+
+
+def test_analyze_decision_influence_sees_lowercase_causal_edge():
+    """Issue #1184 follow-up: influence analysis reads the same edge index as
+    the causal traversal, so lowercase edges must count as direct influence."""
+    graph = ContextGraph(advanced_analytics=True)
+    cause = graph.record_decision(
+        category="a", scenario="upstream", reasoning="r",
+        outcome="x", confidence=0.9,
+    )
+    effect = graph.record_decision(
+        category="b", scenario="downstream", reasoning="r",
+        outcome="y", confidence=0.9,
+    )
+    graph.add_edge(cause, effect, "causes")
+
+    impact = graph.analyze_decision_influence(cause)
+
+    direct_ids = {entry["decision_id"] for entry in impact["direct_influence"]}
+    assert effect in direct_ids
+
+
+def test_trace_decision_causality_sees_lowercase_causal_edge():
+    """Issue #1184 follow-up: the trace must not return an empty audit chain
+    for a decision with an explicit lowercase upstream causal edge."""
+    graph = ContextGraph(advanced_analytics=True)
+    cause = graph.record_decision(
+        category="a", scenario="upstream", reasoning="r",
+        outcome="x", confidence=0.9,
+    )
+    effect = graph.record_decision(
+        category="b", scenario="downstream", reasoning="r",
+        outcome="y", confidence=0.9,
+    )
+    graph.add_edge(cause, effect, "causes")
+
+    trace = graph.trace_decision_causality(effect)
+
+    assert any(
+        hop["from"] == cause and hop["to"] == effect
+        for chain in trace for hop in chain["hops"]
+    ), "lowercase causal edge must appear in the traced chain"
+
+
+def test_find_precedents_sees_lowercase_precedent_edge():
+    """Issue #1184 follow-up: precedent lookup must accept the analyzer's
+    spelling alongside the canonical PRECEDENT_FOR."""
+    graph = ContextGraph(advanced_analytics=True)
+    precedent = graph.record_decision(
+        category="a", scenario="earlier", reasoning="r",
+        outcome="x", confidence=0.9,
+    )
+    later = graph.record_decision(
+        category="b", scenario="later", reasoning="r",
+        outcome="y", confidence=0.9,
+    )
+    graph.add_edge(precedent, later, "precedes")
+
+    precedents = graph.find_precedents(later)
+
+    assert [d.decision_id for d in precedents] == [precedent]
diff --git a/tests/export/test_jsonld_document_iri.py b/tests/export/test_jsonld_document_iri.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..34b2366e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/export/test_jsonld_document_iri.py
@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+"""The document IRI of a JSON-LD export must depend on content, not the clock
+(issue #1147).
+
+``_convert_kg_to_jsonld`` minted the graph's ``@id`` from ``utc_now_iso()``,
+and the generic ``_attach_document_metadata`` path did the same for a plain
+document ``@id``. Exporting an unchanged graph therefore produced a new
+subject every time: three exports of one one-entity graph merged into 3
+``semantica:KnowledgeGraph`` nodes and 15 triples for what should have been a
+single graph. Neither identifier resolves and the timestamp is already
+recorded correctly in ``semantica:exportedAt``, so the fix mints the IRI from
+the exported content instead (mirroring ``mint_entity_iri``, #1109), with an
+optional caller-supplied override for callers who already name their graphs.
+"""
+
+import json
+
+from rdflib import RDF, Graph, URIRef
+
+from semantica.export.json_exporter import JSONExporter
+
+KG = {
+    "entities": [{"id": "https://example.org/e1", "text": "Acme Corp", "type": "ORG"}],
+    "relationships": [],
+}
+
+OTHER_KG = {
+    "entities": [
+        {"id": "https://example.org/e1", "text": "Acme Corp Renamed", "type": "ORG"}
+    ],
+    "relationships": [],
+}
+
+
+def _export(kg, tmp_path, name="out.jsonld", **options):
+    path = tmp_path / name
+    JSONExporter().export_knowledge_graph(kg, path, format="json-ld", **options)
+    return path
+
+
+def test_reexporting_an_unchanged_graph_is_idempotent(tmp_path):
+    """The whole point of an identifier: same content, same @id."""
+    first = json.loads(_export(KG, tmp_path, "a.jsonld").read_text())
+    second = json.loads(_export(KG, tmp_path, "b.jsonld").read_text())
+
+    assert first["@id"] == second["@id"]
+
+
+def test_a_changed_graph_gets_a_different_id(tmp_path):
+    unchanged = json.loads(_export(KG, tmp_path, "a.jsonld").read_text())
+    changed = json.loads(_export(OTHER_KG, tmp_path, "b.jsonld").read_text())
+
+    assert unchanged["@id"] != changed["@id"]
+
+
+def test_merging_repeated_exports_yields_one_graph_node(tmp_path):
+    """Regression for the exact repro in #1147: churn no longer multiplies nodes."""
+    merged = Graph()
+    for i in range(3):
+        path = _export(KG, tmp_path, f"churn{i}.jsonld")
+        merged.parse(str(path), format="json-ld")
+
+    # Exactly one subject typed as a KnowledgeGraph, regardless of how many
+    # times the unchanged graph was exported and merged.
+    kg_nodes = set(
+        merged.subjects(RDF.type, URIRef("https://semantica.dev/ns#KnowledgeGraph"))
+    )
+    assert len(kg_nodes) == 1
+
+    entity_nodes = set(
+        merged.subjects(RDF.type, URIRef("https://semantica.dev/vocab/ORG"))
+    )
+    assert len(entity_nodes) == 1
+
+
+def test_exported_at_still_varies_between_exports(tmp_path):
+    """Identity is now content-derived, but provenance still records each run."""
+    first = json.loads(_export(KG, tmp_path, "a.jsonld").read_text())
+    second = json.loads(_export(KG, tmp_path, "b.jsonld").read_text())
+
+    assert first["@id"] == second["@id"]
+    assert first["semantica:exportedAt"] != second["semantica:exportedAt"]
+
+
+def test_caller_supplied_graph_uri_is_honored(tmp_path):
+    path = _export(KG, tmp_path, graph_uri="https://example.org/my-graph")
+    document = json.loads(path.read_text())
+
+    assert document["@id"] == "https://example.org/my-graph"
+
+
+def _document_node_id(document):
+    """The generic (non-knowledge-graph) path hangs its own @id off a member
+    of @graph rather than the top level, to avoid re-creating the named-graph
+    bug fixed by #1145. Find that member and return its @id."""
+    for node in document["@graph"]:
+        if "semantica:exportedAt" in node:
+            return node["@id"]
+    raise AssertionError(f"no document metadata node in @graph: {document}")
+
+
+def test_caller_supplied_document_uri_is_honored_for_a_generic_export(tmp_path):
+    payload = {"note": "no entities or relationships here"}
+    path = tmp_path / "generic.jsonld"
+    JSONExporter().export(
+        payload, path, format="json-ld", document_uri="https://example.org/my-doc"
+    )
+    document = json.loads(path.read_text())
+
+    assert _document_node_id(document) == "https://example.org/my-doc"
+
+
+def test_generic_document_id_is_also_content_derived(tmp_path):
+    """The non-knowledge-graph path (_attach_document_metadata) gets the same fix."""
+    payload = {"note": "plain data, no @id of its own"}
+
+    first = tmp_path / "a.jsonld"
+    second = tmp_path / "b.jsonld"
+    JSONExporter().export(payload, first, format="json-ld")
+    JSONExporter().export(dict(payload), second, format="json-ld")
+
+    first_id = _document_node_id(json.loads(first.read_text()))
+    second_id = _document_node_id(json.loads(second.read_text()))
+    assert first_id == second_id
+
+
+def test_document_id_still_differs_for_different_generic_payloads(tmp_path):
+    a = tmp_path / "a.jsonld"
+    b = tmp_path / "b.jsonld"
+    JSONExporter().export({"note": "one"}, a, format="json-ld")
+    JSONExporter().export({"note": "two"}, b, format="json-ld")
+
+    a_id = _document_node_id(json.loads(a.read_text()))
+    b_id = _document_node_id(json.loads(b.read_text()))
+    assert a_id != b_id
diff --git a/tests/export/test_timestamp_timezones.py b/tests/export/test_timestamp_timezones.py
index df34dd29..b97b658e 100644
--- a/tests/export/test_timestamp_timezones.py
+++ b/tests/export/test_timestamp_timezones.py
@@ -107,20 +107,31 @@ def test_exported_timestamp_survives_a_timezone_qualified_sparql_filter():
     assert len(rows) == 1, "the export was dropped by a timezone-qualified filter"
 
 
-def test_document_iri_carrying_an_offset_is_a_valid_iri():
-    """The offset puts '+' and ':' in the @id; both are legal in a path."""
+def test_document_iri_is_a_valid_iri():
+    """The graph @id must be a valid IRI regardless of how it is minted.
+
+    Before #1147, this @id was minted from the offset-carrying timestamp
+    itself (``+00:00`` interpolated straight into the path), so this test
+    asserted the offset survived without breaking IRI validity. #1147 mints
+    the @id from the graph's content instead, so the timestamp no longer
+    appears here at all — it stays in ``semantica:exportedAt`` (still
+    offset-aware, per ``test_jsonld_export_timestamp_is_offset_aware`` above).
+    What's left worth guarding is the general case: whatever the @id is
+    minted from, it has to be a valid IRI that round-trips through RDF.
+    """
     rdflib = pytest.importorskip("rdflib")
 
     document_iri = JSONExporter()._convert_kg_to_jsonld(KG)["@id"]
-    assert "+00:00" in document_iri
     assert rdflib.term._is_valid_uri(document_iri)
 
     graph = rdflib.Graph()
-    graph.add((
-        rdflib.URIRef(document_iri),
-        rdflib.RDF.type,
-        rdflib.URIRef("https://semantica.dev/ns#KnowledgeGraph"),
-    ))
+    graph.add(
+        (
+            rdflib.URIRef(document_iri),
+            rdflib.RDF.type,
+            rdflib.URIRef("https://semantica.dev/ns#KnowledgeGraph"),
+        )
+    )
     reparsed = rdflib.Graph().parse(data=graph.serialize(format="nt"), format="nt")
     assert document_iri in {str(s) for s in reparsed.subjects()}
 
diff --git a/tests/ontology/test_ontology_advanced.py b/tests/ontology/test_ontology_advanced.py
index 98d5dc6e..dfdde003 100644
--- a/tests/ontology/test_ontology_advanced.py
+++ b/tests/ontology/test_ontology_advanced.py
@@ -525,6 +525,65 @@ class TestSHACLHierarchicalAndValidation(unittest.TestCase):
             self.assertEqual(mc[0].max_count, 2)
 
     # 33
+    def test_public_run_shacl_validation_api(self):
+        """The public API validates data and retains the legacy alias."""
+        try:
+            import pyshacl  # noqa: F401
+            import rdflib  # noqa: F401
+        except ImportError:
+            self.skipTest("pyshacl/rdflib not installed")
+        from semantica.ontology import run_shacl_validation
+        from semantica.ontology.ontology_validator import _run_pyshacl
+
+        data = "@prefix ex: <http://example.org/> . ex:alice a ex:Person ."
+        shacl = """
+        @prefix ex: <http://example.org/> .
+        @prefix sh: <http://www.w3.org/ns/shacl#> .
+        ex:PersonShape a sh:NodeShape ; sh:targetClass ex:Person ;
+            sh:property [ sh:path ex:name ; sh:minCount 1 ] .
+        """
+        public_report = run_shacl_validation(data, shacl)
+        legacy_report = _run_pyshacl(data, shacl)
+        self.assertFalse(public_report.conforms)
+        self.assertEqual(public_report.violation_count, 1)
+        self.assertEqual(legacy_report.conforms, public_report.conforms)
+        self.assertEqual(legacy_report.violation_count, public_report.violation_count)
+        self.assertEqual(
+            [
+                (v.focus_node, v.result_path, v.constraint, v.severity, v.message)
+                for v in legacy_report.violations
+            ],
+            [
+                (v.focus_node, v.result_path, v.constraint, v.severity, v.message)
+                for v in public_report.violations
+            ],
+        )
+
+    # 34
+    def test_public_run_shacl_validation_conforming_graph(self):
+        """The public API reports a valid graph without violations."""
+        try:
+            import pyshacl  # noqa: F401
+            import rdflib  # noqa: F401
+        except ImportError:
+            self.skipTest("pyshacl/rdflib not installed")
+        from semantica.ontology import run_shacl_validation
+
+        data = """
+        @prefix ex: <http://example.org/> .
+        ex:alice a ex:Person ; ex:name "Alice" .
+        """
+        shacl = """
+        @prefix ex: <http://example.org/> .
+        @prefix sh: <http://www.w3.org/ns/shacl#> .
+        ex:PersonShape a sh:NodeShape ; sh:targetClass ex:Person ;
+            sh:property [ sh:path ex:name ; sh:minCount 1 ] .
+        """
+
+        report = run_shacl_validation(data, shacl)
+
+        self.assertTrue(report.conforms)
+        self.assertEqual(report.violation_count, 0)
     def test_shacl_violation_to_dict(self):
         from semantica.ontology.ontology_validator import SHACLViolation
         v = SHACLViolation(
diff --git a/tests/test_cli_commands.py b/tests/test_cli_commands.py
index 44e6d2a9..3a6b91fd 100644
--- a/tests/test_cli_commands.py
+++ b/tests/test_cli_commands.py
@@ -1851,3 +1851,126 @@ class TestExitCodes:
             assert "Traceback" not in result.output, (
                 f"Traceback found for {argv}: {result.output}"
             )
+
+
+class TestDoctorEmbeddings:
+    """#994: doctor must surface non-functional embedding backends instead of
+    reporting all green. Default = import-level check; --deep-embeddings (or
+    SEMANTICA_DOCTOR_DEEP_EMBEDDINGS=1) instantiates via TextEmbedder."""
+
+    def _doctor_checks(self, runner, *extra):
+        result = runner.invoke(cli_module.main, ["doctor", "--json", *extra])
+        _ok(result)
+        import json as _json
+        return {c["check"]: c for c in _json.loads(result.output)}
+
+    def _with_fake_st(self, monkeypatch, **embedder_attrs):
+        fake_st = _fake_module(
+            __version__="9.9.9",
+            SentenceTransformer=object,
+        )
+        monkeypatch.setitem(__import__("sys").modules, "sentence_transformers", fake_st)
+
+    def test_doctor_reports_embedding_checks(self, runner):
+        checks = self._doctor_checks(runner)
+        assert "Embeddings (sentence-transformers)" in checks
+        assert "Embeddings (fastembed)" in checks
+
+    def test_import_failure_is_fail_status_with_hint(self, runner, monkeypatch):
+        # Force the 'import sentence_transformers' inside _embedding_backend to
+        # raise ImportError regardless of whether the package is installed on
+        # this machine.  Setting a module entry to None is the standard Python
+        # mechanism: any subsequent 'import <name>' raises
+        # "import of <name> halted; None in sys.modules".
+        monkeypatch.setitem(
+            __import__("sys").modules, "sentence_transformers", None
+        )
+        checks = self._doctor_checks(runner)
+        st = checks["Embeddings (sentence-transformers)"]
+        assert st["status"] == "fail"
+        assert st["hint"] == "pip install sentence-transformers"
+
+    def test_deep_probe_detects_fallback_active(self, runner, monkeypatch):
+        self._with_fake_st(monkeypatch)
+        fake_embedder = types.SimpleNamespace(model=None, fastembed_model=None)
+
+        fake_emb_mod = _fake_module(TextEmbedder=lambda **k: fake_embedder)
+        monkeypatch.setitem(__import__("sys").modules, "semantica.embeddings", fake_emb_mod)
+
+        checks = self._doctor_checks(runner, "--deep-embeddings")
+        st = checks["Embeddings (sentence-transformers)"]
+        assert st["status"] == "fail"
+        assert "hash fallback" in st["note"]
+
+    def test_deep_probe_ok_when_model_loads(self, runner, monkeypatch):
+        self._with_fake_st(monkeypatch)
+        import numpy as np
+        fake_embedder = types.SimpleNamespace(
+            model=object(),
+            fastembed_model=None,
+            embed_text=lambda text: np.zeros(384, dtype=np.float32),
+        )
+        fake_emb_mod = _fake_module(TextEmbedder=lambda **k: fake_embedder)
+        monkeypatch.setitem(__import__("sys").modules, "semantica.embeddings", fake_emb_mod)
+
+        checks = self._doctor_checks(runner, "--deep-embeddings")
+        st = checks["Embeddings (sentence-transformers)"]
+        assert st["status"] == "ok"
+        assert "384-dim" in st["note"]
+
+    def test_env_var_enables_deep_mode(self, runner, monkeypatch):
+        monkeypatch.setenv("SEMANTICA_DOCTOR_DEEP_EMBEDDINGS", "1")
+        self._with_fake_st(monkeypatch)
+        fake_embedder = types.SimpleNamespace(model=None, fastembed_model=None)
+        fake_emb_mod = _fake_module(TextEmbedder=lambda **k: fake_embedder)
+        monkeypatch.setitem(__import__("sys").modules, "semantica.embeddings", fake_emb_mod)
+
+        checks = self._doctor_checks(runner)
+        st = checks["Embeddings (sentence-transformers)"]
+        assert st["status"] == "fail"
+        assert "hash fallback" in st["note"]
+
+
+class TestDoctorEmbeddingHintsAndEnv:
+    """Review follow-ups: deep failures must not carry the pip-install hint,
+    and the env toggle tolerates case/whitespace variants."""
+
+    def _doctor_checks(self, runner, *extra):
+        result = runner.invoke(cli_module.main, ["doctor", "--json", *extra])
+        _ok(result)
+        import json as _json
+        return {c["check"]: c for c in _json.loads(result.output)}
+
+    def _with_fake_st(self, monkeypatch):
+        fake_st = _fake_module(
+            __version__="9.9.9",
+            SentenceTransformer=object,
+        )
+        monkeypatch.setitem(__import__("sys").modules, "sentence_transformers", fake_st)
+
+    def test_deep_failure_hint_is_not_pip_install(self, runner, monkeypatch):
+        self._with_fake_st(monkeypatch)
+        fake_embedder = types.SimpleNamespace(model=None, fastembed_model=None)
+        fake_emb_mod = _fake_module(TextEmbedder=lambda **k: fake_embedder)
+        monkeypatch.setitem(__import__("sys").modules, "semantica.embeddings", fake_emb_mod)
+
+        checks = self._doctor_checks(runner, "--deep-embeddings")
+        st = checks["Embeddings (sentence-transformers)"]
+        assert st["status"] == "fail"
+        assert "pip install" not in (st["hint"] or ""), (
+            "a deep probe failure means the package imported fine — pointing "
+            "users at pip sends them to reinstall for a runtime/model problem"
+        )
+        assert "runtime/model-load" in st["hint"]
+
+    def test_env_var_tolerates_case_and_whitespace(self, runner, monkeypatch):
+        monkeypatch.setenv("SEMANTICA_DOCTOR_DEEP_EMBEDDINGS", "  TRUE ")
+        self._with_fake_st(monkeypatch)
+        fake_embedder = types.SimpleNamespace(model=None, fastembed_model=None)
+        fake_emb_mod = _fake_module(TextEmbedder=lambda **k: fake_embedder)
+        monkeypatch.setitem(__import__("sys").modules, "semantica.embeddings", fake_emb_mod)
+
+        checks = self._doctor_checks(runner)
+        st = checks["Embeddings (sentence-transformers)"]
+        assert st["status"] == "fail"
+        assert "hash fallback" in st["note"], "padded/caps env value must enable deep mode"
diff --git a/tests/test_embedding_providers.py b/tests/test_embedding_providers.py
index e41de0db..a3e02576 100644
--- a/tests/test_embedding_providers.py
+++ b/tests/test_embedding_providers.py
@@ -85,3 +85,49 @@ if __name__ == '__main__':
         runner = unittest.TextTestRunner(stream=f, verbosity=2)
         unittest.main(testRunner=runner, exit=False)
 
+
+class TestMethodDispatchRecursion(unittest.TestCase):
+    """#994: built-in aliases are registered in the method registry onto the
+    wrapper functions themselves, so dispatching through the registry called a
+    wrapper back into itself with the same default method — a recursion storm
+    that surfaced as `maximum recursion depth exceeded` during model loading."""
+
+    def test_generate_embeddings_default_does_not_self_recurse(self):
+        from semantica.embeddings.methods import generate_embeddings
+        emb = generate_embeddings("recursion probe")
+        self.assertIsNotNone(emb)
+
+    def test_embed_text_default_does_not_self_recurse(self):
+        from semantica.embeddings.methods import embed_text
+        emb = embed_text("recursion probe", method="sentence_transformers")
+        self.assertIsNotNone(emb)
+
+    def test_custom_registered_method_still_wins(self):
+        from semantica.embeddings.methods import method_registry
+        calls = []
+
+        def spy(data, *a, **k):
+            calls.append(data)
+            return {"custom": True}
+
+        method_registry.register("generation", "my_custom_gen", spy)
+        try:
+            from semantica.embeddings.methods import generate_embeddings
+            out = generate_embeddings("payload", method="my_custom_gen")
+            self.assertEqual(out, {"custom": True})
+            self.assertEqual(calls, ["payload"])
+        finally:
+            method_registry.unregister("generation", "my_custom_gen")
+
+    def test_provenance_wrapper_missing_generator_raises_attribute_error(self):
+        # Partially-initialised wrappers (failed __init__, pickle/copy probes)
+        # must raise AttributeError, not RecursionError via __getattr__.
+        from semantica.embeddings.embeddings_provenance import (
+            EmbeddingGeneratorWithProvenance,
+        )
+        bare = EmbeddingGeneratorWithProvenance.__new__(
+            EmbeddingGeneratorWithProvenance
+        )
+        with self.assertRaises(AttributeError):
+            getattr(bare, "model")
+
diff --git a/tests/vector_store/test_vector_store.py b/tests/vector_store/test_vector_store.py
index 219f88c2..80ff3e59 100644
--- a/tests/vector_store/test_vector_store.py
+++ b/tests/vector_store/test_vector_store.py
@@ -243,5 +243,19 @@ class TestVectorStore(unittest.TestCase):
             shutil.rmtree(tmpdir, ignore_errors=True)
 
 
+class TestCreateIndexFunction(unittest.TestCase):
+    """create_index() forwards vector_store_config's defaults into VectorIndexer,
+    which already receives backend/dimension as explicit args. Regression for the
+    'got multiple values for keyword argument dimension' crash on the default
+    (unmocked) config, hit by e.g. `semantica embed index`."""
+
+    def test_create_index_with_default_config(self):
+        from semantica.vector_store.methods import create_index
+
+        vectors = [np.array([0.1, 0.2, 0.3]), np.array([0.4, 0.5, 0.6])]
+        index = create_index(vectors, ids=["a", "b"])
+        self.assertIsNotNone(index)
+
+
 if __name__ == '__main__':
     unittest.main()